9.路由
vue 属于单页面应用，所谓的路由，就是根据浏览器路径不同，用不同的视图组件替换这个页面内容展示
默认路由的配置是router目录下的index.js文件
可以根据这个文件来写路由
静态导入
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
| import Vue from 'vue'
import VueRouter from 'vue-router'
import ContainerView from '@/views/example13/ContainerView.vue'
import LoginView from '@/views/example13/LoginView.vue'
import NotFoundView from '@/views/example13/NotFoundView.vue'
Vue.use(VueRouter)
const routes = [
{
path:'/',
component: ContainerView
},
{
path:'/login',
component: LoginView
},
{
path:'/404',
component: NotFoundView
}
]
const router = new VueRouter({
routes
})
export default router
|
1
| import router from './router/example13'
|
修改主视图
<router-view> 起到占位作用，改变路径后，这个路径对应的视图组件就会占据 <router-view> 的位置，替换掉它之前的内容
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
| <template>
<div>
<router-view></router-view>
</div>
</template>
<script>
</script>
|
动态导入
- 静态导入是将所有组件的 js 代码打包到一起，如果组件非常多，打包后的 js 文件会很大，影响页面加载速度
- 动态导入是将组件的 js 代码放入独立的文件，用到时才加载
案例
将上面的静态导入改为动态导入
通过lambda表达式() => import('文件路径')来动态导入
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
| import Vue from 'vue'
import VueRouter from 'vue-router'
Vue.use(VueRouter)
const routes = [
{
path:'/',
component: () => import('@/views/example13/ContainerView.vue')
},
{
path:'/login',
component: () => import('@/views/example13/LoginView.vue')
},
{
path:'/404',
component: () => import('@/views/example13/NotFoundView.vue')
}
]
const router = new VueRouter({
routes
})
export default router
|
嵌套导入
也叫子路由，组件内再要切换内容，就需要用到嵌套路由
通过children属性来定义嵌套路由
案例
定义嵌套路由和重定向
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
| import Vue from 'vue'
import VueRouter from 'vue-router'
Vue.use(VueRouter)
const routes = [
{
path:'/',
component: () => import('@/views/example13/ContainerView.vue'),
redirect: '/c/p1',
children: [
{
path: 'c/p1',
component: () => import('@/views/example13/container/P1View.vue')
},
{
path: 'c/p2',
component: () => import('@/views/example13/container/P2View.vue')
},
{
path: 'c/p3',
component: () => import('@/views/example13/container/P3View.vue')
},
]
},
{
path:'/login',
component: () => import('@/views/example13/LoginView.vue')
},
{
path:'/404',
component: () => import('@/views/example13/NotFoundView.vue')
},
{
path:'*',
redirect: '/404'
}
]
const router = new VueRouter({
routes
})
export default router
|
路由跳转
跳转方式：
- 标签式：通过to属性实现跳转
- 编程式：自定义方法，通过this.$router.push(url)方式实现跳转
案例
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
| <template>
<div class="container">
<el-container>
<el-header>
<!-- 编程式 -->
<el-button icon="el-icon-search" circle size="mini" @click="jump('/c/p1')"></el-button>
<el-button type="primary" icon="el-icon-edit" circle size="mini" @click="jump('/c/p2')"></el-button>
<el-button type="success" icon="el-icon-check" circle size="mini" @click="jump('/c/p3')"></el-button>
</el-header>
<el-container>
<el-aside width="200px">
<!-- 标签式 -->
<router-link to="/c/p1">p1</router-link>
<router-link to="/c/p2">p2</router-link>
<router-link to="/c/p3">p3</router-link>
</el-aside>
<el-main>
<router-view></router-view>
</el-main>
</el-container>
</el-container>
</div>
</template>
<script>
const options = {
methods: {
jump(url) {
// 根据路径进行跳转
this.$router.push(url);
}
}
}
export default options;
</script>
|
动态路由
从后端动态的获取路由信息添加到路由中
案例
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
| <template>
<div class="login">
<el-input v-model="username" placeholder="请输入用户名" size="mini"></el-input>
<el-button type="primary" size="mini" @click="login()">登录</el-button>
</div>
</template>
<script>
import axios from '../../utils/myaxios.js'
import {resetRouter} from '@/router/example14'
const options = {
data() {
return {
username: 'admin'
}
},
methods: {
// 将登录用户可以访问的路径添加到路由中
async login() {
resetRouter();
const resp = await axios.get(`/api/menu/${this.username}`)
for (const {id, path, component} of resp.data.data) {
if (component !== null) {
// 在父路由中添加路由
this.$router.addRoute('c', {
path: path,
name: id,
component: () => import(`@/views/example14/container/${component}`)
})
}
}
// 打印路由
console.log(this.$router.getRoutes())
}
}
}
export default options;
</script>
<style scoped>
.login {
height: 100%;
background-color: darkseagreen;
/* background-image: url("data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%3E%3Ctext x='15' y='10' font-size='14' font-family='system-ui, sans-serif' text-anchor='middle' dominant-baseline='middle'%3E登录%3C/text%3E%3C/svg%3E"); */
}
.el-input--mini {
width: 193px;
margin: 10px 10px 0 10px;
}
</style>
|
保存路由信息
每次刷新页面，路由信息都会丢失
将路由数据存到localStorage或sessionStorage可以在每次刷新时来恢复路由
router文件中
抽出两个方法：重置路由和添加路由
还有每次运行时查询缓存
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
|
const serverRoutes = sessionStorage.getItem('serverRoutes')
if (serverRoutes) {
const array = JSON.parse(serverRoutes)
addServerRoutes(array)
}
export function resetRouter() {
router.matcher = new VueRouter({routes}).matcher
}
export async function addServerRoutes(array) {
resetRouter();
for (const {id, path, component} of array) {
if (component !== null) {
router.addRoute('c', {
path: path,
name: id,
component: () => import(`@/views/example14/container/${component}`)
})
}
}
}
|